?-Lactose monohydrate has been used:as a component of fraction B of diluent M1 for dilution of ram semen as a component of Platz diluent variant (PDV) for dilution of bottlenose dolphin semen in the preparation of HyQ PF-Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) disaccharide media for the adaptation of CHO cell linesfor the preparation of protein-free chemically defined cell culture medium (PFCDM) for the adaptation of human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells